17 – Colosseum
The Colosseum, also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre, is an ancient Roman amphitheatre located in the center of Rome, Italy. It was built in the 1st century AD and is considered one of the greatest architectural and engineering achievements of ancient Rome. The Colosseum was originally used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles, such as mock sea battles and animal hunts. It was capable of seating up to 50,000 spectators, and its design allowed for efficient circulation of crowds and quick evacuation in case of emergency.
The Colosseum is made of travertine and concrete and is famous for its distinctive elliptical shape and tiered seating. Its outer walls are decorated with arches, columns, and sculptures, including the famous statue of Nero, which was later converted into a statue of the sun god. The Colosseum was used for public entertainment for centuries but eventually fell into disrepair and was partially dismantled for its building materials. However, it has since been restored and is now a popular tourist attraction and a significant archaeological site in Rome. The Colosseum serves as a symbol of the grandeur and power of ancient Rome and remains one of the most iconic landmarks in the world.

18 – Domus Aurea
The Domus Aurea, which means “Golden House” in Latin, is an ancient Roman palace located in the center of Rome, Italy. It was built by the Emperor Nero in the 1st century AD after the Great Fire of Rome and was designed to be a lavish and opulent palace complex that included extensive gardens, fountains, and an artificial lake.
The palace was renowned for its extravagant decorations, including frescoes, mosaics, and precious gems and metals. The walls and ceilings were covered in gold leaf, and the floors were made of colorful marble and decorated with intricate patterns. The Domus Aurea was also famous for its large vaulted spaces, which were supported by innovative engineering techniques such as concrete and brick arches.
After Nero’s death, the palace was abandoned and eventually buried under layers of soil and rubble. It was rediscovered in the 15th century and has been the subject of many excavations and restorations since then. Today, visitors can tour the Domus Aurea and see its impressive architectural and artistic features, which have inspired many artists and architects throughout the centuries.

19 – Meta Sudans
The Meta Sudans was an ancient Roman fountain located in the Roman Forum in Rome, Italy. It was built in the 1st century AD as part of the celebrations for the completion of the nearby Colosseum, and its name means “sweating turning point” in Latin. The fountain was shaped like a large cone and was covered with white marble. Water flowed down the sides of the cone, creating a mist that was said to cool the air and refresh visitors to the Forum. The Meta Sudans was a popular gathering place for people to socialize and cool off during the hot summer months. However, over time the fountain fell into disrepair and was eventually demolished in the 1930s during the construction of the Via dei Fori Imperiali. Today, only a few ruins of the Meta Sudans remain standing, but its memory lives on as a symbol of the grandeur and innovation of ancient Roman engineering and architecture.

20 – Arch of Constantine
The Arch of Constantine is an ancient Roman triumphal arch located in Rome, Italy. It was built in 315 AD to commemorate the victory of Emperor Constantine I over Maxentius at the Battle of Milvian Bridge. The arch is located near the Colosseum and the Roman Forum and is considered one of the most important monuments of ancient Rome.
The arch is made of marble and stands 21 meters tall and 25.7 meters wide. Its design was influenced by earlier Roman arches, including the Arch of Titus and the Arch of Septimius Severus. The arch is decorated with sculptural reliefs and friezes that depict scenes from Constantine’s military campaigns, including the famous battle of Milvian Bridge. The arch also features sculptures and decorations that were taken from earlier Roman monuments, such as the Arch of Trajan and the Temple of Venus and Rome.
The Arch of Constantine is an important symbol of the transition from ancient Rome to the Christian era, as Constantine was the first Roman emperor to convert to Christianity. The arch has been a popular tourist attraction since ancient times and continues to be an important landmark in Rome today.

21 – Claudian Aqueduct
The Claudian Aqueduct is an ancient Roman aqueduct that was built during the reign of Emperor Claudius in the 1st century AD. The aqueduct was constructed to bring fresh water to the city of Rome from the Anio River, which was located over 70 km away from the city.
The aqueduct was an engineering marvel of its time, and it featured a series of arches and tunnels that carried water to the city through a channel made of stone and concrete. The aqueduct was able to transport up to 200,000 cubic meters of water per day, which was enough to supply the needs of the growing population of Rome.
The Claudian Aqueduct was the longest and highest aqueduct of its time, and it played an important role in providing water to the people of Rome for centuries. However, it fell into disrepair during the Middle Ages and was eventually abandoned. Today, only a few sections of the original aqueduct remain, but they are still an impressive reminder of the engineering achievements of ancient Rome.

22 – Septizodium
The Septizodium was a decorative building in ancient Rome, built in 203 AD by Emperor Septimius Severus. The building was named Septisolium, which means “temple of seven suns” in Latin, possibly referring to the seven planetary deities or the original division of the building into seven parts. The building had no known practical purpose and was probably meant to be a nymphaeum, a decorative façade. Its purpose was to impress Severus’ fellow north Africans as they entered the city, located where the Via Appia passes the Palatine and leads east towards the Forum Romanum. The building was already ruined by the 8th century and was incorporated into one of the medieval city’s fortresses. In 1241, the palace of the Septizodium was used by the 11 cardinals for the two-month-long election of the new pope after the death of Pope Gregory IX. In 1588, the eastern facade of the building was demolished, and the stones were used for other structures in Rome.

23 – Domus Severiana
Domus Severiana was a palace on the Palatine Hill in Rome. The palace was built in the 3rd century AD by Emperor Septimius Severus and was later expanded and renovated by his successors, Caracalla and Elagabalus.
The palace was situated on the western side of the Palatine Hill and was one of the largest imperial residences in Rome, covering an area of around 50,000 square meters. It included multiple courtyards, gardens, fountains, and a large complex of buildings.
The Domus Severiana was renowned for its elaborate decoration, which included colorful marble floors, frescoes, and stucco work. It was also home to a vast collection of art and sculpture.
Today, only a few fragments of the Domus Severiana remain visible on the Palatine Hill, as much of the palace was destroyed or incorporated into later structures. However, these fragments provide a glimpse into the opulence and grandeur of the imperial palaces of ancient Rome.

24 – Circus Maximus
The Circus Maximus, also known as Circo Massimo in Italian, is an ancient Roman chariot racing stadium and entertainment venue located in the valley between the Aventine and Palatine hills in Rome. It is believed to be the oldest and largest stadium in ancient Rome, with a capacity of up to 250,000 spectators. The Circus Maximus was used for various events, including chariot races, religious ceremonies, and public games, and it played a significant role in the social and cultural life of ancient Rome. The stadium underwent several renovations and expansions over the centuries, with the last recorded renovation taking place in the 4th century AD. Today, the Circus Maximus is a public park and archaeological site, and visitors can still see the remains of the stadium’s walls and seating areas.

25 – Stadium
The Stadium of Domitian, also known as the Circus Agonalis, was an ancient Roman stadium located in the Campus Martius area of Rome. It was built by the Emperor Domitian in the 1st century AD and was used mainly for athletic contests and games. The stadium was designed in a U-shape and could seat up to 20,000 spectators. It was primarily used for foot races, but could also be flooded for mock sea battles. The stadium was abandoned and fell into ruin after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, and its remains were later incorporated into other buildings. Today, only a small section of the original structure remains visible in the Piazza Navona area of Rome.

26 – Domus Augustana
Domus Augustana was a large palace complex located on the Palatine Hill in ancient Rome. It was originally built by the Emperor Domitian in the late 1st century AD and expanded by subsequent emperors, including Trajan, Hadrian, and Septimius Severus.
The complex consisted of several buildings, including the main palace, a library, a throne room, and various public and private rooms. The palace was decorated with elaborate frescoes, sculptures, and mosaics, many of which depicted scenes from mythology or the emperor’s military conquests.
The Domus Augustana was the principal residence of the Roman emperors for almost three centuries, until the decline of the Roman Empire in the 3rd century AD. It was abandoned and fell into ruin after the imperial court moved to other locations.
Today, visitors to the Palatine Hill can see the remains of the Domus Augustana, including its grand entrance, the Domus Flavia, and the Hippodrome. The complex offers a glimpse into the opulence and grandeur of the Roman imperial court.

27 – Museo Palatino
The Palatine Museum is a museum located on the Palatine Hill in Rome, Italy. The museum houses a collection of artifacts and works of art from the ancient Roman period, particularly from the imperial era. The museum is located within the ruins of the Palace of Domitian and features a wide range of exhibits, including frescoes, sculptures, mosaics, and other archaeological finds. Many of the exhibits are related to the everyday life of the ancient Romans, providing visitors with an insight into the culture, traditions, and customs of the period. The museum is one of the most important archaeological museums in Rome and attracts visitors from all over the world.

28 – Domus Flavia
The Domus Flavia is a part of the vast imperial palace complex on the Palatine Hill in Rome, built by the Roman Emperor Domitian in the late 1st century AD. The Domus Flavia was the public part of the palace complex, and it consisted of a series of large reception rooms, courtyards, and dining halls that were used to entertain guests and conduct official business. The most impressive room in the Domus Flavia is the enormous reception hall known as the Sala Regia, which was used for public audiences and state ceremonies. The Domus Flavia was decorated with exquisite frescoes, mosaics, and sculptures, many of which can still be seen today in the nearby Palatine Museum.

29 – House of Augustus
The House of Augustus is a historical building located on the Palatine Hill in Rome. It was the residence of Augustus, the first Roman emperor, from about 30 BC until his death in AD 14. The house was originally part of a larger complex of buildings that Augustus inherited from his adoptive father Julius Caesar. Augustus significantly expanded and renovated the house to make it a grand imperial residence. The house contains several rooms and courtyards, including the so-called “Room of the Masks” decorated with frescoes of theatrical masks, and the “Atrium of the Pinecone” featuring a large bronze pinecone sculpture. The house also includes a private shrine dedicated to the emperor and his family. Today, the House of Augustus is part of the larger Palatine Museum and can be visited by tourists.

30 – Romulean Huts
The Romulean Huts (also known as the Hut of Romulus or Casa Romuli) are a group of huts located on the Palatine Hill in Rome, Italy. According to legend, the huts were the dwelling place of Romulus, the mythical founder of Rome, and his brother Remus. The huts are believed to be some of the oldest structures on the Palatine Hill, dating back to the 8th century BC.
The Romulean Huts were excavated in the 1940s and 1950s, revealing a cluster of four small huts made of straw and clay. They are arranged in a semi-circle around a central hearth, with a larger hut at one end which is believed to have been used as a temple or shrine. The huts were later incorporated into a larger complex of imperial palaces built by Augustus.
Today, visitors can see the remains of the Romulean Huts on the Palatine Hill. The site offers a fascinating glimpse into the early history of Rome and the origins of one of the world’s most powerful empires.

31 – Temple of the Magna Mater
The Temple of the Magna Mater, also known as the Temple of Cybele, was an ancient temple in Rome dedicated to the goddess Cybele, who was also known as the Magna Mater or Great Mother. The temple was located on the Palatine Hill and was built in the 2nd century BCE. The goddess was brought to Rome from Anatolia during the Second Punic War and was considered a protector of the city. The temple housed an image of the goddess, which was brought to Rome from Pessinus and was considered one of the most important and sacred relics in the city. The temple was renovated and expanded several times throughout its history and was considered one of the most important religious centers in Rome. However, the temple was destroyed in a fire in the 5th century CE and was never rebuilt. Today, only the remains of the foundation of the temple can be seen.

32 – House of Livia
The House of Livia is an ancient Roman residence located on the Palatine Hill in Rome, Italy. It was built in the early 1st century BC as the home of Livia Drusilla, the wife of Emperor Augustus. The house is known for its well-preserved frescoes and architectural features, which provide insight into the lifestyle of the Roman aristocracy during the early Imperial period. The house consists of several rooms arranged around a central courtyard, including a triclinium (dining room), a cubiculum (bedroom), and a tablinum (reception room). The frescoes in the house depict a variety of scenes, including landscapes, mythological subjects, and portraits of family members. The house was rediscovered in the 19th century and has since been partially restored and opened to the public as a museum.

33 – Farnese Gardens Domus Tiberiana
The Farnese Gardens are located on the Palatine Hill in Rome and are named after the Farnese family, who owned the property in the 16th century. The gardens were originally part of the larger Domus Tiberiana, a palace built for the Roman Emperor Tiberius in the 1st century AD.
The gardens are known for their beautiful fountains, sculptures, and panoramic views of the city. They are also famous for their elaborate waterworks, which were designed by the renowned architect and hydraulic engineer, Gianlorenzo Bernini.
Today, the Farnese Gardens are part of the larger Palatine Hill archaeological site and are open to the public as a park. Visitors can enjoy walking along the tree-lined paths and admiring the ancient ruins and beautiful scenery